For input, MYSQL_BIND is used with mysql_stmt_bind_param() to bind parameter data values to buffers for use by mysql_stmt_execute().

For output, MYSQL_BIND is used with mysql_stmt_bind_result() to bind result set buffers for use in fetching rows with mysql_stmt_fetch().

enum enum_field_types buffer_type

The type of the buffer. This member indicates the data type of the C language variable that you are binding to the statement parameter. The allowable buffer_type values are listed later in this section. For input, buffer_type indicates the type of the variable containing the value that you will send to the server. For output, it indicates the type of the variable into which you want a value received from the server to be stored.

void *buffer

A pointer to the buffer to be used for data transfer. This is the address of a variable.

For input, buffer is a pointer to the variable in which a statement parameter's data value is stored. When you call mysql_stmt_execute(), MySQL takes the value that you have stored in the variable and uses it in place of the corresponding parameter marker in the statement.

For output, buffer is a pointer to the variable in which to return a result set column value. When you call mysql_stmt_fetch(), MySQL returns a column value and stores it in this variable. You can access the value when the call returns.

To minimize the need for MySQL to perform type conversions between C language values on the client side and SQL values on the server side, use variables that have types similar to those of the corresponding SQL values. For numeric data types, buffer should point to a variable of the proper numeric C type. (For char or integer variables, you should also indicate whether the variable has the unsigned attribute by setting the is_unsigned member, described later in this list.) For character (nonbinary) and binary string data types, buffer should point to a character buffer. For date and time data types, buffer should point to a MYSQL_TIME structure.

See the notes about type conversions later in the section.

unsigned long buffer_length

The actual size of *buffer in bytes. This indicates the maximum amount of data that can be stored in the buffer. For character and binary C data, the buffer_length value specifies the length of *buffer when used with mysql_stmt_bind_param() to specify input values, or the maximum number of output data bytes that can be fetched into the buffer when used with mysql_stmt_bind_result().

unsigned long *length

A pointer to an unsigned long variable that indicates the actual number of bytes of data stored in *buffer. length is used for character or binary C data.

For input parameter data binding, length points to an unsigned long variable that indicates the actual length of the parameter value stored in *buffer; this is used by mysql_stmt_execute().

For output value binding, the return value of mysql_stmt_fetch() determines the interpretation of the length:

length is ignored for numeric and temporal data types because the length of the data value is determined by the buffer_type value.

If you need to be able to determine the length of a returned value before fetching it with mysql_stmt_fetch(), see Section 20.9.7.11, “mysql_stmt_fetch()”, for some strategies.

my_bool *is_null

This member points to a my_bool variable that is true if a value is NULL, false if it is not NULL. For input, set *is_null to true to indicate that you are passing a NULL value as a statement parameter.

The reason that is_null is not a boolean scalar but is instead a pointer to a boolean scalar is to provide flexibility in how you specify NULL values:

For output, the value pointed to by is_null is set to true after you fetch a row if the result set column value returned from the statement is NULL.

my_bool is_unsigned

This member is used for C variables with data types that can be unsigned (char, short int, int, long long int). Set is_unsigned to true if the variable pointed to by buffer is unsigned and false otherwise. For example, if you bind a signed char variable to buffer, specify a type code of MYSQL_TYPE_TINY and set is_unsigned to false. If you bind an unsigned char instead, the type code is the same but is_unsigned should be true. (For char, it is not defined whether it is signed or unsigned, so it is best to be explicit about signedness by using signed char or unsigned char.)

is_unsigned applies only to the C language variable on the client side. It indicates nothing about the signedness of the corresponding SQL value on the server side. For example, if you use an int variable to supply a value for a BIGINT UNSIGNED column, is_unsigned should be false because int is a signed type. If you use an unsigned int variable to supply a value for a BIGINT column, is_unsigned should be true because unsigned int is an unsigned type. MySQL performs the proper conversion between signed and unsigned values in both directions, although a warning occurs if truncation results.

my_bool *error

For output, set this member to point to a my_bool variable to have truncation information for the parameter stored there after a row fetching operation. (Truncation reporting is enabled by default, but can be controlled by calling mysql_options() with the MYSQL_REPORT_DATA_TRUNCATION option.) When truncation reporting is enabled, mysql_stmt_fetch() returns MYSQL_DATA_TRUNCATED and *error is true in the MYSQL_BIND structures for parameters in which truncation occurred. Truncation indicates loss of sign or significant digits, or that a string was too long to fit in a column.